Back to CESC
Power Purchase Agreements
Power purchase agreements (PPAs) are typically long-term contracts between a power generator and a power offtaker. Power offtakers can include utilities , power marketers, commercial entities and residential consumers. PPAs can be for 100% of the output from a generator or a portion of the output. The per-kilo-watt hour price can be steady or include an escalator. In monopoly markets where state-owned utilities are the single buyers, policymakers may want to consider opportunities for allowing direct purchases of power via bilateral agreements between generators and corporate offtakers. PPAs can take multiple forms, including direct PPAs, virtual PPAs that are more of a financial agreement and aggregated PPAs that bring in multiple offtakers into a shared agreement.
Resources CESC
Sectors-cesc
Select content All Sectors Utility Small & Medium Enterprises Residential Non-profit/Government Infrastructure Industrial Community Commercial
Resources countries
Select content All Countries/regions North America Canada United States of America Puerto Rico European Union Asia-Pacific Indonesia Marshall Islands Samoa Myanmar Kiribati Vanuatu Solomon Islands Australia Bhutan Fiji Cambodia Korea Pakistan Tuvalu Nauru Vietnam Palau Nepal Micronesia Thailand Lao People’s Democratic Republic Papua New Guinea New Zealand Sri Lanka Bangladesh Timor-Leste Malaysia Democratic People's Republic of Korea Brunei Darussalam Mongolia Japan China Maldives Philippines Tonga Singapore India Federated States of Bolivarian Republic of Eastern Europe & Central Asia Kazakhstan Slovakia Armenia Poland Uzbekistan Slovenia Turkmenistan Afghanistan Lithuania Tajikistan Croatia Azerbaijan Albania Kyrgyzstan Macedonia Bosnia and Herzegovina Ukraine Romania Moldova Serbia Czech Republic Russian Federation Georgia Latvia Hungary Belarus Bulgaria Montenegro Estonia Africa & Middle East Burkina Faso Morocco Ethiopia Comoros Liberia Djibouti Tunisia Burundi Mozambique Kenya Congo Libya Iran Benin Cabo Verde (Cape Verde) Oman Mauritania Iraq Syrian Arab Republic Namibia Guinea Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Somalia Qatar Mauritius Cameroon Sao Tome and Principe Kuwait Guinea-Bissau South Africa Tanzania Uganda Saudi Arabia South Sudan Israel Egypt Gabon Central African Republic Senegal Algeria Madagascar Yemen Bahrain Botswana Gambia United Arab Emirates Chad Malawi Zambia Equatorial Guinea Seychelles Angola Zimbabwe Sudan Rwanda Eritrea Togo Sierra Leone Niger Lebanon Jordan Ghana Nigeria Lesotho Mali Swaziland Republic of Islamic Republic of Western Europe Greece Malta Sweden Norway Portugal Switzerland Turkey Liechtenstein San Marino Austria Ireland Finland Luxembourg France Netherlands Cyprus Spain Italy Andorra Monaco United Kingdom Germany Iceland Denmark Belgium Republic of the the former Yugoslav Republic of Latin American & Caribbean Saint Lucia Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Belize Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Grenada Dominica Guatemala Costa Rica Dominican Republic Venezuela Bolivia Mexico Ecuador Guyana Cuba Bahamas Panama Haiti El Salvador Honduras Paraguay Brazil Jamaica Chile Nicaragua Barbados Peru Antigua and Barbuda Suriname Saint Kitts and Nevis Colombia Argentina United Republic of Democratic Republic of the Plurinational State of